by Reg.ru LLC in October-November 2023. During this study, IT department heads and business owners were interviewed.

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According to the survey, 72.4% of respondents chose PostgreSQL as a database management system within the DBaaS concept. Oracle MySQL and its free open-source counterpart MariaDB, which has long been the leader of the Russian market, took second place with 69.6%. The second echelon was occupied by NoSQL DBMS MongoDB and Redis - their share is half that of the leaders. At the same time, Reg.ru's Director of Information Technology Evgeny Martynov believes that the Russian database market is far from saturated after the departure of foreign vendors in 2022, so the company supports both leading products.

Deputy Director of the georgia whatsapp number database Outsourcing and System Administration Department of JSC Infosystems Jet, Alexander Kazakov, commented on the results of this study: "The vendor's departure from the Russian market could have been an impetus and provoked the development of another technology in order to get rid of problems in the future. MongoDB is not famous for its reliability. For this reason, some developers avoid it or use it in those parts of the project where it is not a critical factor. Redis is popular as a cache server or for implementing a queue system. MongoDB and Redis are rather niche products and are used to solve specific problems. Therefore, against the background of other classic relational DBMS, they lose in percentage terms."

Nikolay Ulrich, Director of Infrastructure Consulting and Information Security Practice at Axenix, believes that it is impossible to talk about the technological advantages of PostgreSQL over MySQL: "These are different DBMSs for different market segments. PostgreSQL is more focused on enterprise applications with complex and frequent queries, MySQL is mainly for lightweight web applications like online stores. That is why IT departments choose a more reliable and productive DBMS. MongoDB or Redis simply cannot be compared with PostgreSQL: they solve other problems - query caching and document-oriented storage. And there is interest in them, it is just that not everyone has such problems."

Kirill Semion, CEO of the National Competence Center for Information Systems of Holding Management (NCC ISU), believes that PostgreSQL is more intended for creating high-load systems than MySQL, so the demand for it is higher. At the same time, according to his assessment, after Oracle left, MySQL is no longer supported in Russia. However, the presence of Russian forks, as Kirill Semion noted, has noticeably influenced the growth of PostgreSQL's popularity.

"I would also like to note that when using a cloud DBMS, the performance issue becomes extremely critical. In most cases, information systems are not designed to optimize traffic between the application part and the DBMS. As a result, transferring a heavy application part to a cloud DBMS can cause an unjustified increase in operating costs. In addition, cloud DBMS are still inferior to Pro versions in terms of parameters. Non-relational DBMS appeared later, so there are fewer competencies needed to solve specific problems with their help. But I would not say that there is little demand for them in Russia," Kirill Semion continues.

Alexander Kazakov, on the contrary, connects the change of the leader in the DBMS market precisely with the fact that PostgreSQL is ahead of MySQL in functionality: "These products are very similar, because they have been developing synchronously for a long time. We will not find any serious differences in operation. But the functional differences are much more noticeable for software developers. For example, Postgres "out of the box" provides support for a larger number of data types (BSON, hstore, arrays), there are a large number of data indexing engines and the development of extensions for the DB is taken into account."

"Some tasks, such as correct and fast work with the products "1C: Accounting" or "1C: Enterprise", can be performed only by using Russian forks (PostgreSQL Pro or Pangolin from Sber). Therefore, of course, the emergence of specialized forks allowed to expand the horizons of using PostgreSQL. This had a significant, but not cardinal impact on the prevalence of the use of the database on the market as a whole," the press service of "Reg.ru" specified.

In addition, a number of large players use internally developed products, including DBMS. However, as noted by the press service of Reg.Ru, even companies of the scale of Yandex have not yet been able to completely abandon the use of PostgreSQL and MySQL for all projects, although they have developed interesting solutions that are gaining popularity. Alexander Kazakov believes that Yandex prefers internally developed products: "For example, it has an interesting DBMS ydb, which deserves attention and may soon become as popular as Clickhouse once was. Although it also uses Postgres and MySQL for prototyping, test stands, and products from other companie